What does allergology study?

Allergology is a specialized field of medicine that focuses on the study of hypersensitivity and allergies. This branch examines the immune system's response to allergens, which are substances that can trigger allergic reactions in individuals. Allergologists work to understand various allergic conditions, including allergic rhinitis (hay fever), asthma, eczema, food allergies, and anaphylaxis. They also investigate the mechanisms behind these reactions and develop treatment plans, which can include allergy testing and immunotherapy.

The other options relate to different areas of medical study, such as infectious diseases, which involve the study of pathogens like bacteria and viruses; musculoskeletal disorders, focusing on issues with muscles, bones, and joints; and cardiovascular health, which concerns the heart and blood vessels. Each of these fields addresses unique health concerns that do not overlap with the core focus of allergology on allergic reactions and hypersensitivity responses.